https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A5uNFKEn4_A&list=PL8dPuuaLjXtP5mp25nStsuDzk2blncJDW&index=12&ab_channel=CrashCourse

Psycholinguistics

Language reflects how our minds works.

• Psycholiguistics : using scientific methods to uncover how human (brains) process languages.
• need experimental designs

Dimensions in Psycholinguistics

• Level of processing : phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, discourse...

• Direction of processing : comprehension vs. production

• Development of processing : language acquisition

• Depth of processing :

  (1) Descriptive linguistics : description of language

  (2) Psycholinguistics : study of language behaviour

  (3) Neurolinguistics : the role of brain on language processing

Cognitive Psychology

Three stages of memory process

• encoding : from senses

• storage :

  1. sensory stores - rich in info but decays rapidly

  2. short-term memory (STM; working memory) - short life, in chunks

  3. long-term memory (LTM; permanent memory)

     • episodic : events

     • semantic : knowledge

• retrieval

Processing

• serial processing / parallel processing
• bottom-up processing (小到大) (serial usually) / top-down processing (中文的詞序混亂)
• control / automatic processing
• figure-ground - 例如燈跟臉的圖，不能同時看到兩種(不然就沒有背景了)